Airbus // Universal Registration Document 2023

1. Information on the Company’s Activities

1.2 Non-Financial Information

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Deliver technical capability Aircraft. The Company’s aircraft portfolio is already capable of flying with a fuel blend of up to 50% SAF. Looking ahead, the Company’s ambition is to have all its aircraft platforms (including military aircraft and helicopters), capable of being operated with up to 100% SAF before the end of the decade. The 50% limit is set today to ensure the blended SAF fits within the JET A/A-1 specification, and thus can be used on aircraft with no modification ( i.e. drop in). Going beyond this limit implies either modifying the aircraft, and fuelling infrastructure, to adapt to what would be a new fuel grade, “non drop in”, or working on a purely synthetic fuel that would fit within the JET A/A-1 specification, “drop in” solution. The Company is involved in two main research projects: VOLCAN (A319neo and A321neo with CFM engines) and ECLIF3 (A350 with Rolls Royce engines), conducted in partnership with important industry actors. Both projects aim at assessing the impact of 100% SAF (drop-in and non-drop in) on engine and fuel systems while measuring the positive impact on aircraft’s emissions and fuel efficiency. Both projects are paving the way for going beyond current maximum blending levels for SAF (currently 50%). They will allow the Company to collect information and enable further research activities and technical work in order to reach the goal of gaining up to 100% SAF certification for commercial flights before the end of the decade. SAF production. The Company contributed to the approval process of the eight pathways mentioned above for blending with kerosene and seeks to actively contribute to the approval of future new pathways by supporting industry-wide standardisation efforts at ASTM International, an organisation that sets international standards. Foster SAF ecosystems readiness and partnerships Price and global production capacity remain the main constraints for operators, preventing large-scale incorporation of these types of fuels. Matching SAF production and demand is essential to achieving the establishment of the SAF market. Global. Actions need to be global and associated with regulatory frameworks and incentivisation schemes. It is necessary to create market emergence conditions with means such as: - - Reporting mechanisms to allow for a consistent tracking of the industry’s progress on decarbonisation. - - The usage of book and claim to simplify the usage of SAF, minimising the logistical challenge as well as airlines demonstrating the attributes of SAF to their freight and corporate customers. Those conditions are needed to give visibility and confidence to producers, and be capable of attracting investment. This is also what will give end users (airlines) access to enough volumes at a lower price, and maintain a level playing field for aviation. Regional. SAF production will also depend on regional feedstock availability while local SAF production can significantly contribute to socio-economic regional development, including in developing nations. Positive momentum is seen in the EU and in the US. A similar pace for creating a favourable ecosystem is needed worldwide. Creating favourable conditions for the SAF market to develop can be achieved if stakeholders gather together in cooperative platforms such as Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI) in the US. Early adopter. In addition, as an aircraft operator through its flight tests and internal logistics flying the Beluga, the Company strives to “prime the pump” by demonstrating market demand (see industrial operations). This also helps the Company experience the actual SAF market development challenges.

› › Since 2008, the Company has acted as an important catalyst in the certification process, demonstration flights, partnerships and policy advocacy of SAF. › › According to IATA, since 2011, over 690,000 commercial flights have used SAF and more than 1 million flights with SAF are expected by 2025 (source: IATA, flynetzero, 2021). › › Besides ECLIF3 and VOLCAN projects, the Company has performed flight test campaigns with the A380 on one Rolls-Royce Trent 900 engine and with the H225 helicopter (with both Makila 2 engines). › › Flight tests using blended SAF were also performed on the A400M and C295 military aircraft. The Company, the Organisation for Joint Armament Cooperation (OCCAR) and the A400M customer nations are engaged in initial discussions to develop the roadmap towards the certification and operational use of 100% SAF in military aircraft. › › In addition, the Company and other industry partners have carried out in 2022 the world’s first 100% SAF flight using an in-service military aircraft, an A330 MRTT on both Rolls-Royce Trent 772B engines. › › The Company estimates that products delivered in 2023 will see their life-time emissions reduced by around 15% thanks to the gradual introduction of SAF during their operational life (compared to a “no SAF” scenario). This considers a SAF penetration scenario aligned with the IEA SDS (ETP2020), and with the Company’s scope 3 disclosure and SBTi-validated target. › › The Company is engaged in many initiatives and partnerships promoting the development of SAF production and use, participating for instance in the World Economic Forum, including its “First Movers Coalition” and “Clean Skies for Tomorrow” coalition, and in the Coalition for the Energies of the Future. This also includes partnerships with producers such as the agreement signed in 2022 with Neste, in 2023 with Lanzajet, Masdar, aiming to accelerate the aviation sector’s transition to SAF. › › In September 2023, the Company officialised its intent to join a consortium aiming at developing synthetic green hydrogen-based SAF production in Germany, alongside other companies (SASOL, DHL and HH2E). › › In April 2023, the Company signed a MoU with China National Aviation Fuel Group Corporation (CNAF) on development of the SAF ecosystem, including SAF purchasing, diversifying the supply chain, fostering airline uptake and standards development. › › In 2023, the Company also joined the consortium ALIGHT in Denmark, consisting of 17 dedicated partners in 10 different European countries and aiming to develop replicable and scalable models supporting aviation and airport operation decarbonisation, with a focus on SAF including fuel supply chain, usage of SAF, economics and sustainability criteria. › › As part of a partnership with Qantas announced in June 2022, the Company made its first investment to support a SAF producer in Australia (March 2023). JetZero is a new player that will be using the Alcohol to Jet technology to produce SAF in Australia. › › In a similar manner, the Company signed a partnership in September 2023 with DG Fuels in the US. DG Fuels will be using the Gasification Fischer Tropsch technology to produce SAF. This partnership will help DG Fuels accelerate its development towards the final investment decision for their first plant.

85 Airbus Annual Report

Universal Registration Document 2023