AFD // 2021 Universal Registration Document

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PRESENTATION OF AFD

Activities of the Agence Française de Développement Group in 2021

Côte d’Ivoire (2016) and Tunisia (2018), the strategic dialogue approach was extended to Morocco and Mali in 2019, and was formalised in Lebanon in 2021. AFD also provided support for Pôle de Clermont pour le Développement International (PCDI), which brings together CERDI, FERDI and the new GDN branch in Clermont, and will notably contribute to reinforcing research in French-speaking Africa. Priority is given to work on Africa. Granted in January ɸ 2019, the Savoirs Sahel (Sahel knowledge) project has enabled financing for several research programmes entrusted to Sahel teams on key themes to understand the transformations and challenges in the Sahel in crisis and to contribute to steering the Agency’s portfolio: regional governance and local legitimacy, Arab-Islamic education, resilience of agro-pastoral systems to climate constraints, social integration of young people. These research programmes provided new results in 2021. They will be supplemented from 2022 by a new project, Savoirs Sahel ࣢ 2 , that will notably focus on reinforcing the capacities of Sahelian think tanks and studying local dynamics around the delivery of public services. In addition, in January ɸ 2021, AFD published the second annual edition of the series on African economies, started in 2020, which was published in Repères La Découverte . The ECO Department oversaw four theses under the CIFRE system in 2021. To support the Agency’s operations and risk management, twelve macroeconomic analysis missions were carried out, despite international travel again being disrupted this year. These diagnostics primarily focused on (i) ɸ regions with high AFD exposure (Morocco, Tunisia, Cameroon, Brazil, Jordan, Indonesia and Ecuador), and (ii) ɸ regions where an initial macroeconomic framework is useful in establishing an AFD intervention strategy and up-scaling operations (Kosovo, North Macedonia, ɸ etc.). Assessments AFD conducts evaluations of the projects and programmes it finances and also produces extensive evaluations of its sectoral or cross-sector strategies (set out in its intervention frameworks), on specific topics, countries and/or funding instruments. AFD also conducts joint evaluations with the Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of the Economy, Finance and the Recovery. All extensive and joint evaluations lead to a publication, while only the performance summaries for the evaluations of projects/programmes are published on the AFD website and the French cooperation open data site. In 2021, AFD evaluated 62 projects through 37 evaluations. Publications In 2021, 123 ɸ research and evaluation publications were published by Éditions AFD (compared to 149 ɸ in 2020, the historical high). The annual average number of publications over the last three years is around 120 ɸ publications. In Q4, over 1,100 ɸ downloadable titles were available in the AFD Éditions catalogue. Since 1 ɸ January 2021, new publications are released under a Creative Commons license. These publications are disseminated externally via the AFD website and via two specialised research tools, Ideas/Repec and Google Scholar. Part of the catalogue is now also available on the Cairn and Cairn International portals.

African countries, with the first results being published at the end of 2021). AFD’s research on the Climate/biodiversity theme focuses on an analysis of the interactions between economic development/ prosperity on the one hand, and the environment on the other, with the introduction of tools for the measurement and the quantification of these interactions. Work on financial climate risks was extended in 2021 in Colombia, China, India and Indonesia. With regard to adapting to climate change, the work focuses on small insular states and the development of weather and climate services with the aim of reducing the risk of natural disasters. A research and knowledge programme on biodiversity aims to promote the development of a pro-nature economy based on research findings. Initial discussions on the assessment of financial risks related to biodiversity were initiated in partnership with Banque de France and TNFD and will continue in 2022 to inform, notably, COP15 on biodiversity. The calculation of the strong environmental sustainability indicator, ESGAP, for New Caledonia, Vietnam and Kenya confirmed the relevance of the methodology and identified avenues for further development in 2022. AFD continued to develop GEMMES macroeconomic models, with six models (Brazil, Côte d’Ivoire, Colombia, Vietnam, Tunisia and Morocco). In 2021, the first results of the Vietnam and Morocco projects were presented at the COP26 climate conference and triggered a public policy debate on the main trajectory options in these countries. Discussions with India were also held on the development of an India GEMMES. For cohesion/social ties and human development, work focuses on four main themes: inequalities, social protection – notably through integration into the labour market – training/ employment match and demographic transition insisting on gender. This work falls within the prospect of fair transition, by studying the different aspects of sustainable structural change induced by development. The studies carried out propose recommendations on public policies. From 2017 to 2021, AFD has ensured the coordination and set-up of a facility for a research programme on inequalities in the form of a delegation of European Commission funds. In 2021, initiatives were undertaken in Indonesia, Colombia, South Africa and Mexico to develop public policy dialogue on the issue of inequalities based on a fair transition approach. Work on the interaction between Gender and Climate, the socio-economic success trajectories of women in Ouagadougou, and the cross-border migration of women in West Africa contributed to the discussions launched by the Generation Equality Forum in June ɸ 2021. On the Governance, Common goods and Regions theme, AFD focuses its work on several themes: (i) ɸ the sector deployment of the common goods approach (medicine, water, oceans and biodiversity, urban and rural land, access to energy), (ii) ɸ the analysis of their economic model and relationship with States, notably in a context of fragility, (iii) ɸ the study of how public policies are made in Africa, (iv) ɸ issues of security-development, notably in the Sahel. Studies on structural changes in Africa are also being conducted: (i) ɸ trajectory of late industrialisation, (ii) ɸ integration of the pharmaceutical industry into the global value chain. Grounded in a partnership process, all research programmes will promote the national research networks of our partner countries. With the signature of a memorandum of partnership with

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2021 UNIVERSAL REGISTRATION DOCUMENT