QUADIENT - 2019 Universal Registration Document

4 RISK FACTORS AND INTERNAL CONTROL Risk factors

FINANCIAL RISKS

Risks

Risk management system

Low risks Tax matters

With regard to their current activities in France and abroad, Quadient entities are regularly subject to tax audits. Tax adjustments or uncertain tax positions not yet subject to tax adjustments are covered with appropriate provisions. The amounts of these provisions are regularly revised. In 2012, Quadient received a notification of tax adjustments in the Netherlands related to the financial years 2006, 2007, 2008. A mutual agreement was signed in 2019 by the Group with a payment of 15,7 million euros to the Dutch adminsitration and a refund of 9,1 million euros by the French administration. An investigation is still on going in United Kingdom. A provision has been recorded in 2019 for an amount of 9,1 million euros. The Group is mainly exposed to currency exchange rate risks through its international activity and to interest rate risks through its debt. Quadient enjoys a natural hedge on its current operating margin and its net income. Based on the 2020 budget, the breakdown of sales and costs in United States dollars is as follows: sales 43.4 % , cost of sales 52.0 % , operating costs 37,7 % , interest expense 34.6 % . A 5.0 % decrease in the euro/United States dollar exchange rate from the budget rate of 1.15 would have the following impacts on the Group’s income statement: sales (23.6) million euros, current operating income (4.1) million euros and net income (2.2) million euros. Based on the 2020 budget, the breakdown of sales and costs in pounds sterling is as follows: sales 7.9 % , cost of sales 8.2 % , operating costs 9.7 % . A 5.0 % decrease in the euro/pound sterling exchange rate from the budget rate of 0.90 would have the following impacts on the Group’s income statement: sales (4.3) million of euros, current operating income (0.5) million euros and net income (0.4) million euros. The other currencies are not a major concern for the Group. None of them, individually taken, represents more than 5.0 % of total sales. Beyond the natural hedge, no guarantee can however be given regarding the Group’s ability to hedge exchange rate risk effectively. To limit the impact of a rise in interest rates on its interest expenses, Quadienthas a risk-hedging policy aimed at protecting a maximum annual interest rate for the three years ahead at all times.

A tax review is performed annually at least in each entity with the help of an external tax adviser. Each tax investigation must be reported to the Group. An agreement has been signed with a global tax adviser to manage tax issues at Group level.

Exchange, rate, liquidity and shares

The Group believes that its cash flow (as defined in the consolidated cash flow statement in chapter 6 of this universal registration document) will easily enable it to service its debt, given the current level of debt. Debt by maturity is detailed in note 12–2-5 to the consolidated financial statements. Group debt is subject to compliance with covenants. Failure to comply with these covenants may lead to early repayment of the debt. As of January 31, 2020, the Group complies with all covenants (cf. note 12–2-3 to the consolidated financial statements). The Group treasurer, who reports to the Group Chief Financial Officer, monitors exchange rate and interest rate risks for all Quadient group's entities. A report showing the Group’s underlying position and hedges is sent each month to the Chief Financial Officer to provide complete visibility on the financial risks relating to hedging activities, and to measure the financial impact of unhedged positions. Quadient uses the services of an independent consultancy based in Paris. This consultancy helps Quadient in its exchange rate risk hedging policy, and values its portfolio of hedging instruments under IFRS. This ensures the consistency of methodologies used and provides a financial opinion independent of any financial institution. This Company has the technical and human resources to monitor interest rate and exchange rate trends every day and alert the Group treasurer in light of the strategy in place. Please see tables below for detailed impacts of interest and exchange rate risks.

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UNIVERSAL REGISTRATION DOCUMENT 2019