Airbus // Universal Registration Document 2023

1. Information on the Company’s Activities

1.1 Presentation of the Company

1

1.1.2 Airbus (Commercial Aircraft)

Airbus is one of the world’s leading aircraft manufacturers of passenger and freighter aircraft and related services. In order to help shape the future of air transportation, Airbus seeks innovative technological solutions and the most efficient sourcing and manufacturing possible, so airlines can grow sustainably and people can connect. Airbus’ product line comprises successful families of jetliners ranging in capacity from 100 to more than 400 seats: the A220; the A320, civil aviation’s best selling product line; the A330 and the A350 including its freighter derivative the A350F. Across its portfolio, Airbus’ solutions ensure that aircraft share high commonality in airframes, on-board systems, cockpits and handling characteristics. This significantly reduces operating costs for airlines. See “– 1.1.1 Overview” for an introduction to Airbus. Airbus’ global presence includes activity in Europe (France, Germany, Spain and the UK), as well as in Canada, the US, China, Japan, India and in the Middle East. Airbus also has field service stations, spares, support and logistics centres as well as engineering centres worldwide. Airbus benefits from industrial co-operation and partnerships with major companies and an extensive network of suppliers around the world. Strategy Airbus’ purpose is to “pioneer sustainable aerospace for a safe and united world”. Airbus aims to keep its current commercial aircraft portfolio competitive and of the latest generation technology through incremental improvements, while at the same time pioneering disruptive technologies for the aviation of tomorrow. Airbus strives to find solutions that limit the negative impact on the environment, and has set itself near-term science based targets to reduce its greenhouse gas (“ GHG ”) emissions which were validated by the Science-Based Targets initiative (“ SBTi ”) in January 2023. The Company’s decarbonisation roadmap integrates complementary elements, including fleet renewal, alternative propulsion and fuels, and improvements to aircraft operations including air traffic management. It also includes preparing technologies for the next generation of Single Aisle aircraft to be ready in the second half of the next decade. Airbus believes that Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) will play a key role in reducing the environmental footprint of the aviation industry, as it can be used both for in-service fleets and the flying fleets of tomorrow. Airbus has tested 100% SAF capabilities on aircraft including the A320neo Family, A330, A350, and A380. The Company’s ambition is for SAF to be certified for 100% use in its aircraft platforms before the end of the decade. Airbus is also actively engaged within the broader SAF ecosystem through strategic partnerships and efforts that encourage various SAF production pathways (including from biomass feedstock, or power-to-liquid technologies, etc.) with the aim to foster the development of the SAF market. Hydrogen is another area of focus. In September 2020, Airbus revealed three different hydrogen-powered concept aircraft entitled “ZEROe”, and Airbus has engaged in a number of R&T projects and partnerships with the objective to bring a hydrogen-powered commercial aircraft to market in 2035. Success towards Airbus’ decarbonisation roadmap can only be possible with the consistent engagement of the whole aviation ecosystem. As a result, Airbus strives to foster collaborative engagement and is in constant dialogue with

key stakeholders including airlines, operators, energy producers, financiers, regulators, industry organisations, non-governmental organisations and others, and engages with these stakeholders at events such as the Airbus Capital Markets Day, the Airbus Summit or the Airbus Supplier Sustainability Council (established in 2022). For further information, see “– 1.1.1 Overview – Strategy” and “Non-Financial Information – 1.2.2 Climate change”. Aerospace is a major backbone of the global economy and a vital service to people and businesses. Airbus will continue to invest in its future in an evolving and highly competitive environment through the right combination of growth, profitability and resilience. Airbus intends to further strengthen its industrial set-up and industrial flow. The further transformation of the industrial value chain will ultimately improve the quality, competitiveness, agility and the sustainability of the entire ecosystem. In the long-term, the main factors affecting the commercial aircraft market include passenger demand for air travel, airline pricing policies and resulting yields, cargo activity, economic growth cycles, evolution of the cost of energy, national and international regulation, the rate of replacement and obsolescence of existing fleets, the availability of aircraft financing sources and market evolutionary factors. The performance, competitive posture and strategy of aircraft manufacturers, airlines, cargo operators and leasing companies as well as wars, political unrest, pandemics and extraordinary events may also precipitate changes in demand and lead to short-term market imbalances. For further information, see “Risk Factors – Business and Operations-related Risks – Commercial Aircraft and Helicopter Market Factors”. Demand for air transport The fundamental drivers behind the need for air transport remain unchanged, enabling highly-efficient physical links between people and distribution of goods at a global scale. The long-term market for passenger aircraft depends primarily on passenger demand for air travel, which is itself primarily driven by economic or GDP growth, trade, fare levels and demographic growth. Measured in revenue passenger kilometres (“ RPK ”), air travel increased in every year from 1967 to 2000, except for 1991 due to the Gulf War, resulting in an average annual growth rate of 7.9% for the period. Demand for air transportation also proved resilient in the years following 2001, when successive shocks, including 9/11 and SARS in Asia, dampened demand. At the end of 2008 and in 2009, the financial crisis and global economic difficulties resulted in only the third period of negative traffic growth during the jet age, and a cyclical downturn for airlines in terms of traffic (both passenger and cargo) yields and profitability. Despite these perturbations, the market recovered, driven by the underlying demand for air transport. After 2009 until the COVID-19 pandemic, the industry benefited from a prolonged period of stability which enabled airlines to collectively deliver profitability at historically high levels. Market Market Drivers

37 Airbus Annual Report

Universal Registration Document 2023