Airbus // Universal Registration Document 2021

Risk Factors / 2 Business-Related Risks

Pension Commitments

Necessary adjustments of such provisions include but are not limited to (i) the discount factor (dependent in part on interest rates) and the inflation rate applied to calculate the net present value of the pension liabilities, (ii) the performance of the asset classes which are represented in the pension assets, and (iii) behavioural assumptions regarding beneficiaries, and (iv) additional cash injections contributed by the Company from time to time to the pension assets. The Company has taken measures to reduce potential losses on the pension assets and to better match the characteristics of the pension liabilities with those of the pension assets as a long-term objective. Nevertheless, any required additional provisions would have a negative effect on the Company’s total equity (net of deferred tax), which could in turn have a negative effect on its future financial condition.

The Company participates in several pension plans for both executive as well as non-executive employees, some of which are underfunded. As of 31 December 2021, the provision for retirement plans and similar obligations amounted to €7.1 billion. For information related to these plans, please refer to the “Notes to the IFRS Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 31: Post- employment Benefits”. Although the Company has recorded a provision in its balance sheet for its share of the underfunding based on current estimates, there can be no assurance that these estimates will not be revised upward in the future, leading the Company to record additional provisions in respect of such plans.

2. Business-Related Risks

COVID-19 Risks Over the last two years, new variants and the successive waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, the resulting health and economic crisis and actions taken in response to the spread of the pandemic, including government measures, lockdowns, travel limitations and restrictions, have resulted in significant disruption to the Company’s business, operations and supply chain. The aerospace industry, the financial health of operators, airlines, lessors and suppliers, commercial aircraft market, demand for air travel and commercial air traffic have been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting health and economic crisis. As a result, airlines have reduced capacity, grounded portions of their fleets, sought to implement measures to reduce cash spending and secure liquidity. Some airlines are also seeking arrangements with creditors, restructuring or applying for bankruptcy or insolvency protection, which may have further consequences for the Company and its order book as well as other consequences resulting from the related proceedings. The Company will continue to face additional risks and uncertainties resulting from future consequences of the health and economic crisis on operators, airlines, lessors, suppliers and other actors in the air transport industry. See also “– Commercial Aircraft and Helicopter Market Factors” below. Over the last two years, a number of measures have been taken by the Company to implement stringent health and safety procedures while taking account of stock levels and production lead-times. The COVID-19 crisis may lead to further disruptions to the Company’s internal operations and to its ability to deliver products and services. See also “– Dependence on Key Suppliers and Subcontractors” below. In addition to its impact on the financial viability of operators, airlines and lessors and the reduction of commercial air traffic, lockdowns, travel limitations and restrictions around the world have posed logistical challenges and may continue to cause disruptions to the Company’s business, its operations and supply

chain. These measures have and may continue to adversely affect the Company’s ability to deliver products and services as well as customers’ ability to take delivery of aircraft. The Company has been adversely affected by weak market and economic conditions in markets around the world. Protracted weaker market and economic conditions and their knock-on effects have and could continue to result in (i) additional requests by customers to postpone delivery or cancel existing orders for aircraft (including helicopters) or other products including services, (ii) decisions by customers to review their fleet strategy, (iii) weak levels of passenger demand for air travel and cargo activity more generally, (iv) a sustained reduction in the volume of air travel for business purposes, and (v) prolonged or additional travel limitations and restrictions, which could negatively impact the Company’s results of operations. In 2021, the Company delivered 611 commercial aircraft, 8% more than in 2020 (compared to 566 commercial aircraft in 2020, which was 34% fewer than in 2019, in line with the Company’s adaptation plan). This reflects customer requests to defer deliveries as well as other factors related to the ongoing COVID-19 crisis. In 2021, the Company recorded 264 cancellations (compared to 115 cancellations in 2020). On 21 January 2021, the Company announced its decision to update its production rates in response to the market environment. On 27 May 2021, the Company provided suppliers with an update of its production plans based on its expectation that the commercial aircraft market may recover to pre-COVID levels between 2023 and 2025, led by the single-aisle segment. In anticipation of a continued recovering market, the Company confirmed an average A320 Family production rate of 45 aircraft per month in the fourth quarter of 2021 and called on suppliers to prepare for the future by securing a firm rate of 64 by the second quarter of 2023. The A220 monthly production

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Airbus / Registration Document 2021