AIRBUS - 2020 Universal Registration Document

Risk Factors / 2 Business-Related Risks

research and innovation networks across the UK and the European Union countries. The Company may also face lack of certainty with respect to intellectual property rights for existing or new programmes and established or potential partnerships with private or public organisations, academic institutions and research councils, charities and government departments, where the relevant intellectual property frameworks or user- rights/ownership governing those relationships is dependent on the UK’s former status as a member state of the European Union.

No assurance can be given that the Company will achieve the anticipated level of returns from these programmes and other development projects, which may negatively affect the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and competitiveness. In the context of the post-Brexit relationship between the UK and the European Union, there is a risk that the Company might lose access to pooled expertise and knowledge and could face disruptions within its interdependent and extensively integrated

Acquisitions, Divestments, Joint Ventures and Strategic Alliances

being finalised. Each acquisition, divestment, joint venture and strategic alliance is very specific in its nature, purpose, risk and opportunities. The Company identifies risks through a detailed and systematic due diligence process and addresses the risks identified through price mitigation and/or appropriate contractual coverage, such as indemnification mechanisms, both being the tailored-made results of complex negotiations with the sellers/ buyers and/or partners. The Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially affected if these transactions will not be successfully completed or do not produce the expected benefits.

As part of its business strategy, the Company may acquire or divest businesses and/or form joint ventures or strategic alliances. Executing acquisitions and divestments can be difficult and costly due to the complexities inherent in integrating or carving out people, operations, technologies and products. There can be no assurance that any of the businesses that the Company intends to acquire or divest can be integrated or carved out successfully, as timely as originally planned or that they will perform well and deliver the expected synergies or cost savings once integrated or separated. In addition, regulatory, administrative or other contractual conditions can prevent transactions from

Public-Private Partnerships and Private Finance Initiatives

The Company is party to PPP and private finance initiatives (“ PFI ”) contracts, for example Skynet 5 and related telecommunications services, and in the AirTanker (“ FSTA ”) project both with the UK Ministry of Defence. One of the complexities presented by PFIs lies in the allocation of risks and the timing thereof among different parties over the life-time of the project. There can be no assurances of the extent to which the Company will efficiently and effectively (i) compete for future PFI or PPP programmes, (ii) administer the services contemplated under the contracts, (iii) finance the acquisition of the equipment and the ongoing provision of services related thereto, or (iv) access the markets for the commercialisation of excess capacity. The Company may also encounter unexpected political, budgetary, regulatory or competitive risks over the long duration of PPP and PFI programmes.

Defence customers may request proposals and grant contracts under schemes known as public-private partnerships (“ PPPs ”). PPPs differ substantially from traditional defence equipment sales, as they often incorporate elements such as: – – the provision of extensive operational services over the life of the equipment; – – continued ownership and financing of the equipment by a party other than the customer, such as the equipment provider; – – mandatory compliance with specific customer requirements pertaining to public accounting or government procurement regulations; and – – provisions allowing for the service provider to seek additional customers for unused capacity.

Programme-Specific Risks

In addition to the risk factors mentioned above, the Company also faces the following programme-specific risks that could have a material impact on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. The Company faces the following main challenges on its commercial programmes: – – adapt to rate and stabilise operational performance post- COVID-19 while maintaining high safety and quality standards; – – monitor and support the supply chain;

– – accompany customers and facilitate deliveries to customers including by remote delivery process; – – ensure a strong customer focus to support return to operations; and – – protect priority projects and deliver developments as per revised plan including A321XLR, A350 Step7 (Standard 2022), Airspace, A330-800, A330-900 251t MTOW, and Digital (DDMS and Skywise).

19

Airbus / Registration Document 2020